HRM Training And Development Programs

HRM Training And Development Programs In order to link the workforce activities to the strategy of an organization strategy, Human Resource Management is the best way. HRM is frequently referred as Strategic HRM. The main driving force of an organisation is resources. There are usually two types of resources which are considered in the organization that can be tangible or intangible. Finance, companys place, employees etc are the tangible resources while intangible resources include goodwill or repute of an organization, capabilities of an employee. As for a organization both types of resources are very important but considerable edge over the other resources is gone to human resource or workforce. it is independent resource while the other resources are dependent . As the human being every one has different talent and capabilities from others so the employees in any organization are different from each other in this regard.(Mathis, Jackson:2007) HRM has several goals: To fulfil the requirements of the business and management There should be a link of human resource strategies / policies towards the business objectives. To find different methods for human resources to add value to an organization. To help a business get the loyalty of employees to its morals, goals and objectives. In simple words the HRM is defined as employing, maintaining and compensation the people in time with the job and organizational need. Human Resource Management is a managerial function which usually concerned with hiring, motivation and maintaining people. Its main focus in any organization is people. (Stredwick, 2005) Intangible resources are very important to an organization as they contribute much more than the tangible resources to total value of the asset of an organization (Grant, 2005) To get the competitive advantage over its competitors training and Development of employees is a strategic tool that an organisation uses. In general education is mind preparation while training is the systematic development of the knowledge ,skill capabilities and attitude needed by an employee to fulfil the requirement of the job and development is the growth of the employees in the sense of their understanding and awareness of the job performed by them. I never teach my pupils; I only attempt to provide the conditions in which they can learn (Albert Einstein, 1879 1955) Learning without thought is labour lost. Thought without learning is intellectual death (Confucius) By giving proper and effective training and development and keeping the focuses on the desired outcomes is a key function of the human resource management. Any organization that has Innovation and having a competitive advantage over competitors, it is only possible with the help of capable employees supported by strong information and understanding about their field of interest. Of course during the training and development program, cost and time investment is critically important for the smoothly running of operations during the way of the project. (Holt: 1993). According to Baldwin et al ,1994 reported that it is an experienced by small and medium firms that if they have skilled labour it is one of the most important factors contributing to their growth. In order to be successful in a global market, an encouraged, stimulated, happy and skilled labour which a small firm needs that can generate at low costs. Importance of Human Resource: Flexibility and adaptability is fundamental for the human resource to own. As the circumstances changes with the passage of time, so the management program of their training and development for the development of employees should take this feature into concern as well. According to Dransfield, 2000 human resource management is very important and mainly it is due to the capabilities and skill of the people and best utilisation of resources by the organisation in the way they want to. People/ Workforce as a key Resource of any organization: The most important activities in any organization are workforce planning. People are the most important key factor of any organization. TO build up a team of expert, skilled and specialised individuals is also a key function of the human resource management. It starts with the analysis of the strategic position of any organization. The desired outcome of this analysis is then feed into a forecasted demand and supply of the labour for the organization. At the end of this analysis the establishment and execution of a human resource plan which man aim is to force plan how Strategy feeds? (Vernez: 2002) How a workforce demand forecast? In order to get an accurate forecast of the workforce size there should be proper planning to put the human resource together. Main key factors are; There should be a demand between existing and new products or services What part of an organization is disposed off or what product closure. Introduction and implementation of new technology There should be cost reduction programmes. Any merger, Acquisition, joint venture, partnership. (Vernez : 2007) How a workforce Supply forecast? The main point for the estimation of supply is the existing workforce. So it is possible of any organization to make a forecast of the workforce size and ultimately this can be compared with the strategic needs of any organization, which results is workforce gap (thats mean a forecast of too few or too many employees). The main role of the HRM is to fulfil this gap. (Vernez: 2007) TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT AS SOURCE OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: Knowledge capital through training and development as a source of competitive advantage but how any organization can get it? Knowledge Capital: Know how that comes from information, learning, skills and experiences of the people of any organization. It is the most important point of the human resource capital. The ability to learn faster than your competitors may be the only sustainable competitive advantage (Arie de Geus: 2002) Competitive Advantages: Knowledge worker productivity is (The) only real competitive advantage in a global Economy (Drucker: 2007) A Competitive advantage is an advantage of an organization over its competitors which it gets by offering customers big value , either by giving them higher services or benefits or by lower prices that justifies. Every Organization derives competitive advantage through training and development. In any organization there is a greater stability, elasticity and ability for growth. At least two years training contributes towards the employees stability. Employees become more efficient and effectively participate towards the growth of the organization. The employees become more versatile in operation by training and they can be transferred to any type of job. So there is surety of flexibility as well and growth will bring prosperity which will affect the yearly profit of the organization. However by training the accidents damages and scrap of the equipment can be avoided or can be minimised. If the employees are well trained by the organization the complaints absenteeism can be reduced. (Wilson, John: 1999) Example: Apple is a multinational organization that designs and markets electronics, computer software, ipod, iphone, laptops etc. Training programs of APPLE: The training programmes of the apple have an aim to facilitate their employees to build up their skills and abilities. 1. Educator has Professional development: Apple offers a broad range of professional growth workshops. In order to produce and bring out digital content for their classes they are intended to give faculty talent and self-confidence. They engage media assignment as to generate creativity and there is teams collaborating in and out of class. Each workshop is lead by ex- educators and is fully adapted for their establishment. (AppleS DVD Studio Prio web site: www.apple.com/dvdstudiopro) 2. IT has Professional Services: With your IT Department for a planning of implementation of new technology the apple professional team participate. Even team can handle those proposals over time. (AppleS DVD Studio Prio web site: www.apple.com/dvdstudiopro) 3. iLife, iWork and pro application certifications: In order to prove their abilities and expertise at creating digital content such as movies, music presentation and much more , the students and educators are awarded by associate -level certification in iLife or iWork. (AppleS DVD Studio Prio web site: www.apple.com/dvdstudiopro 4. Programmes like Mac OS X, Mac OS X Server and service certifications: To avoid the troubleshoot Mac OS X or to implement a Mac OS X. Server based system, apple does offer training and certification Courses and programmes. It offers an update version of iPhone development training course that includes full coverage of iPad development. Another 5 days course is conducted for the introduction of iPhone and iPad development.The two other courses are in the queue ANSIC Programming Objective -C for beginners. The trainer choose their classes what they need and these classes are taught by two well -known and highly regarded iPhone developers Jonathan Lehr, founder of About Objects, and Aaron Morse, developer of numerous hit iPhone apps including TapDefense, and Trenches. (AppleS DVD Studio Prio web site: www.apple.com/dvdstudiopro) Challenges faced by HRM: There are few challenges which are facing by HRM: 1. Globalization: As there is no right or wrong way to run any organization, many organizations have taken initiative to improve HRM in their own organizations. Success of any organization depends on the organizations strengths and weaknesses. Globalization is a biggest challenge for HRM because of the change in technology every day. (Shermon, 2004) 2. Cost and Investment: As the training given by the organization, the organization should spent time and money on it. And sometimes after training the employees do not stay within the organization this is the biggest challenge faced by the organization and every organization should allocate its specific budget for the training and development of the employees. But when the organization obtained the outcomes according to the needs and requirements than this cost and time worth it. The expense on the training of the employees will be a recurring advantage for the enterprise for a long time to come which will be in the form of increased efficiency of the employees (Singla , 2000) 3. Keeping Pace with Rapidly Changing Technology: As in the era of globalization, with the passage of time Technology is also changing rapidly which has become a severe problem for the human resource management to cope with. In order to be update with the market, the training and development program should be updated according to the need of time and market condition. (Haines: 1999) 4. Uncertainty: Future is uncertain so the market situation is always unpredictable and to keep the employees up-to-date with the current market situation, it needs a complete study of the current business situation. 5. Retention of the employees: The Big problem faced by an organization is to retain their personnel after their training and development programmes. The competitors always try to take their assets of the organization. (McKeown, 2002) 6. Product Life Cycle: As this is a new modern technology era and due to globalisation the changes occurs so quickly that you should need to keep your employees up to date by giving them training programmes and workshops or short courses because the life cycle of any IT related program is very short.(Stark , 2005) 7. Diversity: According to Thomas,1992 proportions of workplace diversity include, but are not limited to: age, race, ethnicity, gender, physical abilities/qualities, race, sexual orientation, educational background, geographic location, income, marital status, military experience, religious beliefs, parental status, and work experience The innovative ideas can be brought only by the diverse body of talent so the success of any organization depends on it. With the mixture of the talents any business opportunities can be attracted by an organization more rapidly and quickly in this globalisation era (Cox, 1993), which must be the most important organizational objectives. Differentiation: Core benefits are the benefits which are the expectation of the customers that they will receive it from the product. So the main thing of any organization is that what is important to the customers. Theses are the benefits which all of your competitors will offer to the customers in order to be differentiated from its competitors. (Armstrong, 2006) HR Planning Linking Corporate Strategy through Training and Development: This is a vital function of HR and if it is neglected it might put organization in financial trouble as Rothwell, 2001 said the lack of integration between human resource management and strategic business planning processes is increasingly acknowledged as a major source implementation failures So importance of the linkage strategy between corporate strategies when proper training is given with relevance to the companys corporate strategy. Each organization has a corporate goal and plan while the plans include HR objectives. So during training and development program, these objectives should be focused to the employees. Strategic Human Resource Training and Development: 1. Strategy: Human resource management can deal any aspects of the organization which will affects such as employees training, hiring development etc. Strategic HR management is a proactive management of people. Basically it improving everything from hiring to the employees training programs to techniques and discipline. 2. SWOT: There should be SWOT analysis during the training and learning process. This analysis looks at the internal organizational strengths and weaknesses and external factors which are opportunities and threats. These are most important strategic factors as to organizations future. 3. Cost Benefit analysis: During the training and development of the employees there should be some cost benefit analysis that there should be some strategies to measure the best utilization of resources and lower the cost for up scale attributes. With the new product development it always entails significant costs. These are not only sunk but also fixed. As cost is the main concern of any managerial part. 4. Issues of the people: For the achievement of the organizational goals, the people, practises are all purposeful. The issues between people can be resolved b giving them proper training and development. Building Innovation Potential: Knowledge creates knowledge and while it is in the process it brings competitive advantage which leads to innovation. According to Dan Remenyi, 2001 said creativity is typically considered as the basis for innovation, and innovation as the successful implementation of creative ideas within an organization The ability to think about of any new idea is called Creativity. This includes the ability to basically it an ability to rethink an old idea and innovation is a process to put that ideas into process. (Bundy, Miles: 2002) For the survival innovations are must for the organizations. Any organization to prove itself in the marketing must bring some innovation and creativity in its business Example of Innovation and Creativity: Apples finished goods are not only differentiated by excellence but they are innovative and cutting edge. Consistent investment in RD creates innovation. The company is excellent in order processing and delivery. Creativity Innovation and Design Apple Apple, Inc Innovative Products are iPod Nano, iPod Touch, iPhone, iPod Shuffle. Any successful organization must incorporate all three in order to get the competitive advantage. When one company makes creativity than it will lead to the innovation of the other organization new iPhone Design: Any initial idea is creativity while design comes through this idea. While through information that developed the product or service is design and creativity is just n idea to put into process. Innovation also brings competition in the market. Recommendation: It is highly recommended that training and development programme is an integral part of human resource management roles and responsibilities. There should be some activities which are highly recommended. Training Learning Courses Workshops Certification Highly demand development courses Planning should be according to the needs and demand of any organization. There should be set up budget for training and development of the employees of any organization. But in order to be up to date with the globalization changes in the market /industry training courses and workshops should be highly recommended because innovation and creativity would only be possible if the organization has up to date knowledge and trained its employees according to the demand of the customer and for the competitors as well. Conclusion: In order to get the objective and goals of any organization it is highly required by any business to have the complete and detailed process of planning and study work of its training and planning programmes. The employees should be trained by proper training and development programs in order to get the competitive advantage in the market or industry. So it is the management part or wok not to waste time and money and utilize these resources properly in order to get the desired output. As earlier discussed that innovation, creativity, sustainability and differentiation is the integral part oh human resource management. If the training level should be up to that point that could enhance the capabilities of any employees and they have the confidence to overcome any worst situation in more efficient manner. Psychological there might be pressure and financial distress but at the end training is long lasting with the satisfaction and demanding product in the market. For the longer life of any organization specially in the globalize world it would only be possible if its products and services are according to the requirements of the customers and have some competitive advantages like Apple which is only possible by the training and development programmes of the organization. So conclusively, focussed, broad and meaningful training of the employees is the main soul of any organization.

Charles Dickens engender sympathy Essay

How does Charles Dickens engender sympathy for his protagonist Pip in this extract from ‘Great Expectations’? In this essay on ‘Great Expectations’, I am going to explore how the experiences of the main character Pip, create sympathy from the reader for him and how Dickens has put this across. Charles Dickens has written a gripping novel, set in his time and he has created sympathy for Pip in many different ways throughout the text. A first example of this is when Pip visits Miss Havisham’s house and meets Estella. ‘She called me â€Å"boy† so often and with a carelessness that was far from complimentary7, this shows that the way Estella spoke to Pip and that, instead of addressing him by his name, she just called him boy as if he was not worthy of his name, and he could sense that she did not really like him because of the way she said this, as indicated in the quote. This makes the reader feel sorry for Pip as Estella was very rude to him and unwelcoming, and nobody would really like to be in his position. So as well as being uncomfortable at the way Estella treats him, Pip also feels uncomfortable with his new surroundings as he has grown up with Joe and his Sister in poor, working class conditions at a Blacksmith’s forge, whereas Satis House is very different. It is rich and grand but also scary for Pip. ‘The first thing I noticed was that the passages were all dark’, this shows that Pip must have been quite frightened because of the darkness, and he was in a strange place but it is even worse that it is the first thing he noticed about the house. Pip was frightened of his surroundings as they were gothic and dark and very different, but the fact that he did know anyone at all must have also been a challenging experience. ‘At last we came to the door of a room and she said, â€Å"Go in/’ I answered more in shyness than politeness, â€Å"After you miss. † To this she returned: â€Å"Don’t be ridiculous boy; I am not going in. † And scornfully walked away, and what was worse took the candle with her. ‘ This was very uncomfortable and I was half afraid/ This long quote, from the extract shows a lot, first of all that he was very shy and uncomfortable in everyway at where he was and that he didn’t know anyone and he was also afraid. When he entered Miss Havisham’s room he was afraid again because of the very strange surroundings he entered into. ‘No glimpse of daylight was to be seen in it! ‘ this shows that it was very unusual and he was quite frightened and also when he saw Miss Havisham, ‘the strangest lady I have ever seen or shall ever see/ As well as being very strange, Pip also noticed that she was extremely rich, ‘some bright jewels sparkled on her neck and her hands, and some other jewels lay sparkling on the table/ Pip was not used to seeing such finery or such unusual surroundings so all of this makes the reader feel very sympathetic towards him. Miss Havisham’s mental state could also be a coarse for concern as, since her fianci left her on their wedding day and broke her heart she went a bit mad and stopped all of the clocks in the house and, by never touching anything in her room she tried literally to stop time at the prosiest second her heart was broken. ‘Her watch had stopped at twenty minutes to nine’ and she says to Pip ‘†What do I touch? † â€Å"Your heart. † â€Å"Broken! â€Å"‘ This experience must have been very frightening and unsettling for a young naive boy who was not used to being in the presence of such an eccentric and slightly mad old lady. Not just the fact that Miss Havisham was strange and so were her surroundings she also spoke to Pip and ordered him in a very strange and suspicious/manner. ‘†I sometimes have sick fancies† â€Å"and I have a sick fancy that I want to see some play. There, there! † â€Å"Play, play, play! â€Å"‘ This order seems rather strange for an old woman to have a fancy to see a young boy play but also the repetitive way in which she commands him to ‘†Play, play, play! â€Å"‘ She says this three times and Pip does not really know what to do so he therefore feels very awkward. After the harsh words from Estella and meeting Miss Havisham, Pip starts to feel the realisation of his low social status. ‘ This boy, why he is a common labouring boy, these words from Estella hurt Pip deeply but he did not show his true emotions until he was alone. ‘As I cried, I kicked the wall and took a hard twist at my hair; so bitter where my feelings! ‘ Dickens has displayed this very well as you can also feel a connection with him, because it is written in first person narration I, so you feel like Pip is actually talking to you, and you could imagine if you were in Pip’s position you, yourself would feel very frightened and uncomfortable so you end up feeling sorry and sympathetic for him.

Dharavi Slum

Mumbai has thrived economically in the recent years and now has one of the highest property prices in the world. Despite this the majority of the population live in squatter settlements such as Dharavi. In one square mile of Dharavi there are one million people and many more people arrive to live in the same cramp conditions. The ‘homes’ found in Dharavi are made up of basic materials available to the builder. Buildings on the outskirts appear to be much less permanent than those found the centre. This is because they have been around for many years.The public toilets, most of which are blocked because of poor drainage systems, have to be shared between estimates of 300-500 people each. The biggest problem affecting the drainage systems is during the monsoon seasons, mainly because of flooding. Low access to toilet facilities forces the people to use the local river for urination and defecation. Water is rationed to the whole settlement through 162 taps for 2 hours a day . The poor conditions spread many diseases such as diphtheria, cholera and typhoid. This is not helped by the fact each shack holds 6.2 people. Despite the lack in sanitation, 85% of households own a television set, 75% own a pressure cooker, 56% a gas stove and 21% have a telephone. Also the people themselves are generally happy with their circumstance. The area has a large social atmosphere and many choose to work together and help each other. The area itself is a hub for recycling and production business. 85% of residents have a job in the local area. It is said the settlement generates an annual turnover of $650 million. Plans/Attempts to improve socio-economic conditions.Investment and redevelopment into Dharavi slum is an attractive prospect to the Mayor of Mumbai Sunil Prabhu. The area is also in a prime location for the developers themselves as it is situated just outside Mumbai’s financial district and rich real estate hot spots such as the Bandra-Kurla Complex. For the outside world redevelopment has many positives. Clearing the slum will improve health conditions, living space and make the land the squatters live on legal for the first time. Mumbai will also benefit from removing the unattractive settlement from the city.The $2 billion project to slowly remove the slum has already started. Investors can also already bid for one of the 13 sub sections in the 5 sectors of the slum. The project has a great prospect to improve the already large economy of Mumbai and huge amounts of money will be made in the selling of real estate in the Dharavi slum area. The plan is to also rehabilitate all slum dwellers into flats built in the Dharavi area. These flats will have more space and more basic provisions for the residents. Not only will flats be built but also proper hospitals and schools. The project portfolio has outlined the following benefits:

Essay on British East India Company - 1068 Words

British East India Company The East India Company began as a commercial enterprise established for the British to pursue trade with the East Indies, specifically the Indian subcontinent. Queen Elizabeth of England had issued a royal charter for this company which led to the substantial power that East India Company gained in India. The company James Lancaster’s voyage to the East Indies led to the founding of the East India Company (Halliday 106). The attraction to the Indies began in the fifteenth century during the spice trade. The first English expedition for pursuing trade in the Indies was unsuccessful due to Portuguese and Dutch control over the spice trade. James Lancaster was one of the few to return from the voyage. The†¦show more content†¦The voyagers settled in the town of Surat mainly because it was not under the control of the Portuguese. The first English ship to arrive there reached the port on August 24th, 1608 (Sears 44). â€Å"India became the focal point of the companyâ₠¬â„¢s trade† near the end of the seventeenth century. Due to its worldwide demand, woven cotton cloth from India was being imported in large quantities to Britain. Settlements in places such as Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta became big commercial towns controlled by the East India Company. Indian artisans and merchants would move into these towns to do business and trade. India provided the foreign traders with cloth, silk, raw sugar, and dye (Marshall, â€Å"The British Presence in India†). India was left divided because of religious difference in India. This occurred around the mid-eighteenth century during the rule of Mogul emperors. In the first half of the eighteenth century the British and French rivaled over established forts in India. Military genius Robert Clive ended French presence in India, later becoming the chief representative of the East India Company. His job was to fight any force â€Å"that threatened the East India Company’s power in India.â₠¬  While fighting the French, the Indian ruler of Bengal attacked a British fort in 1756. Two years later, Clive led a small army to the Battle of Plassey in Bengal. The British force won against a Mogul army that was more than ten timesShow MoreRelatedThe British East India Company1743 Words   |  7 PagesThe British East India Company first gained power in Bengal in 1757, after the Battle of Plassey, when the Nawab of Bengal Siraj ud-Daulah surrendered his dominions to the Company. By 1773, when the Company settled their capital in Calcutta, they appointed their first Governor-General, Warren Hastings, and henceforth became directly involved in the governance of almost all of India.When it came to the education policies that the Company implemented in India, not every Governor-General had the sameRead MoreThe British East India Company2050 Words   |  9 PagesThe British East India Company was an English and later (from 1707) British joint-stock company formed for pursuing tr ade with the East Indies but which ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent. The East India Company traded mainly in cotton, silk, indigo dye, salt, saltpetre, tea and opium. Shares of the company were owned by wealthy merchants and aristocrats. The government owned no shares and had only indirect control. The Company eventually came to rule large areas of India withRead MoreBritish East India Company514 Words   |  2 PagesThe British East India changed the lives of both people in Britain and people in Asia. In Britain it changed their lives by making them rich, introducing them to new products and providing them with foreign luxuries. The British East India Company bought products such as pepper and porcelain back to Britain to be used by the people. It also introduced new things like tea and cloves. The British East India Company was a trading company that traded with Britain and Asia. The Company itself made lotsRead MoreThe British East India Company1565 Words   |  7 Pagescontrol over the profit a company gain, it is easier if the company control the trading market. This is why during the 16th century, the period when independency of a nation was fragile, chartered trading companies such as the East India Company (EIC) eventually colonised its foreign markets. During this period, there were other trading companies that held similar approach (colonising foreign trading market) such as the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and Hudson’s Bay Company, however, this essay willRead MoreThe British East India Company Tea Trade1764 Words   |  8 PagesThe British East India Company Tea Trade In a royal charter granted by Queen Elizabeth I, a group of ambitious Englishmen created something they never could have fathomed the lasting effects of. The British East India Company was much more than a means of trade, it brought countries together and it tore them apart. It sustained a powerful empire and brought corruption where corruption never existed. Trade was the prerogative but power was the motive. The British East India Company serves as a paradigmRead MoreThe Army of the British East India Company Essay1749 Words   |  7 PagesChapter 4: The Army of the British East India Company The army of the British East India Company in the Bengal Presidency, prior to the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857-1858, was based heavily on native models in keeping with the limited goal of the Company in India: to make profits, but avoid upsetting the traditional order as much as possible. Robert Clive and Warren Hastings were the fathers of the Honorable Companys army in India prior to 1857, but they in turn based their policies on the armiesRead MoreThe Role of the British East India Company Essay836 Words   |  4 PagesBritish East India Company played a significant yet strange part in the Indian. It was, at its inception, a commercial venture in the history of The British Empire, which was established in the year 1600 in the subcontinent. The main reason for entering the subcontinent was trade, making money and importing spices from South Asia. It was the Portuguese who used all their skills and their navigational technology to enter this great area first, and start trade in the mo st profitable manner they couldRead MoreFor Queen and Country: The British East India Company Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesWhen most people think of the British East India Company, they think of tea, but the English trading group was so much more. The state-backed company used game-changing policies in their business with India and other countries that interacted with Great Britain. While the Company was wildly successful in many of those ventures, they were also involved in many important political events of their time. The British East India Company’s innovative policies and practices, such as their achievements inRead More Origins of the British East India Company and Its Influence on the British Imperial Government and North American Colonies1117 Words   |  5 PagesThe British East India Company played a key role in one of the most successful periods of British history. The East India Company was responsible for the invasion of the Indian subcontinent, which became one of the empire’s leading supplier of profits. The East India Company was responsible for the overthrow of Hong Kong and other Asian countries; it was responsible for creating Britain’s Asian empire. The British East India Company began as a joint-stock corporation of traders and investors whichRead MoreThe British East India Company2062 Words   |  9 PagesThe British East India Company was an English and later (from 1707) British joint-stock company formed for pursuing trade with the East Indies but which ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent. The East India Company traded mainly in cotton, silk, indigo dye, salt, saltpetre, tea and opium. Shares of the company were owned by wealthy merchants and aristocrats. The government owned no shares and had only indirect control. The Company eventually came to rule large areas of India with